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Chemoembolization
Chemoembolization is a minimally invasive treatment for cancer of the liver (hepatoma or hepatocellular carcinoma) or other cancers that have spread to the liver.During chemoembolization, a small caliber catheter measuring less than 2 mm in diameter is directed into the arteries of the liver, which supply the tumor(s). Chemotherapy drugs and embolic material are mixed and injected through the catheter into the arteries supplying the tumor(s).With chemoembolization, the anti-cancer drugs are concentrated within the liver with a lower dose reaching the general body circulation. The embolic agents act to decrease blood flow to liver at the time the anti-cancer agents are delivered. This serves to decrease the oxygen level within the tumor, which increases the effectiveness of the chemotherapy drugs.
Chemoembolization reduces tumor burden and can prolong life significantly but it is generally not curative for cancer of the liver. Chemoembolization is performed by Interventional Radiologists and typically requires a 3-5 day hospitalization.
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